Eight principles of effective practice in the development of Community service-learning activities

Billig (2006) provides eight principles of effective practice in the development of service-learning activities within the curriculum: 

(1) service must be integrated in the curriculum; 
(2) diverse perspectives and experiences foster civic discourse and democratic values for all participants, both student and community partners; 
(3) the service is meaningful, requiring problem-solving and critical thinking; 
(4) reflection is used to encourage critical and creative thinking; 
(5) students contribute ideas in each phase of the experience; 
(6) the process is monitored by knowledgeable faculty and staff; 
(7) the experience is of sufficient intensity and duration; and 
(8) partnership is reciprocal and collaborative.